Hi Joshua,
yes it is true there are very few...
I know of one chid prodigy named Rimpa Siva, she has been playing from a toddler, she is about 18 or so now, gives proper concerts all over India.
I am presently in Kolkata and she had a concert here in Feb, I wasnt able to see her play unfortunately.
She is the only Female I know of playing classical solo performances at that level.
I have found that most of the top Tabla artists in the world have top female students, playing at advanced levels... but perhaps it will be time before this beautiful drop of tabla flowers blossoms onto the pro scene.
I myself play, I am currently taking instruction here in Kolkata.
I do not know sooooo much about the history of the gharanas and whether or not some do not allow girls. I can say that a major factor when I originally sought instruction from a tabla guru was the size and weight of my hands.
Weight and strength in the fingers must be there for a strong sound, so he closely examined my hands and found them to be satisfactory I suppose.
I came to my own understanding that this may be why so few ladies play. That many ladies have dainty n light hands ( not me though), and even men's hands can be light and unsuitable for this weight of sound.

A bit late on the reply,
yes I do play tabla.
I currently study with Amena Qawwal, the first woman disciple of Dildar Hussein and the only woman ever to play at the Urs in Pakistan.
Check out her group's beautiful website fanna-fi-allah.com, Amena and Tahir Qawwali are the only foreign disciples of the lineage of Nusrat.
I've also learned from Loren Oppenheimer, a top disciple of Pandit Divyang Vakil, who has several notable top female disciples as well...
the next generation of tabla players is on the rise, and a flurry of women players will emerge in due time.